Antidetonation piston-head formation for internal-combustion engines



June 12, 1928. 1,673,775

A. MOORE ANTIDETONATION PISTON HEAD FORMATION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 17, 1927 iNyENToR ATTORNEY i A Patented June 12, 1928;,

ARLINGTON MOORE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

I 1,673,775 PATENT OFFICE.

IGNOR,. BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

MAX MOOR CORPORATION, OF YORK, N. 'Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

nn'rrnn'ronnrron rIsrou-nmn FORMATION non INTERNAL-COMBUSTION enemas.

Application filed January 17, 1927. Serial No. 161,5M.

My invention relates to four-cycle internal combustion engines consuming volatile liquid fuel,and particularly to the formation of an anti-detonation piston head for ti such engines.

An object of the present invention is the provision of a piston for such engines having a head with stepped surfacesfcomprlsing alternate steps and risers, and in which the riser surfaces are divided into parts having abrupt angular relation to each other, whereby pressure waves accompanying combustion are broken up, not merely by coming into contact with the tread surfaces of the stepped piston head arranged at varying levels, but the riser surfaces are also adapted to do their, part of the work of breaking up the pressure waves and avoiding detonation.

Another object of the invention is the combination in one structure ,of'step formations of separate types, and in particular the combination in a single structure of circular and substantially square steps, the combination of a plurality of step formations'beingdeemed superior to use of asingle form of step formation throughout.

In the accompanying drawingsillustrating an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1

is a planview and Fig. 2 a part side and part vertical sectionalivi ew "of a piston ofa four-cycle internal combustion engine consuming volatile liquid fuel and embodying. 'my'invention.

The piston is designated by reference character 10. Its head is of stepped formation. The lowest or outer step, comprising the tread surface 12 is of circular outline as is alsothe next higher step comprising thetread surface 14 and riser surface 16. While several of the circular step members may be used, the showing made in the drawin'gs is suflicient for purposes of illustration.

The circular tread portions 12 and 14 are surmounted bya series of tread portions 18, 20 and 22, which are angular and preferably substantially square in outline, the riser surfaces 24, 26 and 28 being preferablydivided into four parts, as 24:, 24", 24, 24% making abrupt and, as shown, ap roximately right angles with one another, t ough the corners are preferably rounded off somewhat as in-' dicated at 30,,to avoid any tendency to exignition.

cess localized heating and consequent pre- The combination of differently shapedsteps and the varying nature of the riser and tread surfaces presented is well adapted A for producing agitation of the charge and residual gases of the prior cycle during intake stroke and during the compression stroke, and upon ignition near the end of the compressionstroke of the charge material in its state of agitation, the flame propagation is accelerated. By the contact of pressure waves during combustion with the Variously formed head and riser surfaces the charge gases cannot be divided irito stagnated pockets andibrou ht up to a temperature and pressure producing the self-ignitionv explosive effect known as detonation.

Furthermore, the stepped piston head of highly extensive surface area, as compared with the usual plain formof piston head, is of great utility in obtaining the complete gas ification of any Wet mixtures supplied to the engine cylinders by storing up heat during combustion and delivering this heat 28, 1926, and in part in my application Serial No. 141,289, filed October 13, 1926. q

I claim: t c 1. A device for reducing detonating effects in the combustion chamber of internal combustion engines comprising a step formation presenting relatively abrupt angles between the tread and riser portions thereof and between different tion thereof.

2. A device-for reducing detonating eiiects in the combustion chamber of internal combustlon engines comprising a step formation having the superimposed steps thereof substantially polygonal in cross-section.

parts of the riser por- 3. A device for reducing detonating efl'ects in the combustion chamber of internal.com-- bustion'engines comprising a step formation substantially square in cross-section.

4. A piston for'four-c'ycle internal combustion engines consuming volatile liquid fuel, having a stepped head, comprising a step of circular formation surmounted by 2 1,e7s,775 v a bustion engines consuming volatile liquid step of angular formation.

fuel, havinga stepped head comprising a 5. A piston for four-cycle internal'comseries of steps of circular formation surbustion engines consuming volatile liquid fuel, having a stepped head, comprising a step of circular formation surmounted by a step of square formation. 7

' 6. A piston for four-cycle internal comfuel, having a stepped head eomprising bustion engines consuming volatile liquid superimposed steps having the riser portions fuel, having a stepped head comprising '21 thereof divided into parts with relatively series of steps of circular formation surabrupt angles between said parts.

mounted by a'series of superimposed steps V of angular-formation. name hereto.

A piston for four-cycle internal comof square formation.

ARLINGTONMOORE.

* mountedbv a series of superimposed steps 8. A piston for four-cycle internal com-- bustion engines vconsuming volatile liquid In testimony whereof, I have sighed my 

